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2023
Journal article
Science, not black magic: metal and glass production in Africa
Ongoing research continues to show that ancient Africans had their own versions of science that were embedded in local contexts. The apparent lack of writing systems in most of the continent, especially south of the Sahara, was used to undermine the continent’s scientific achievements. Rather than relegate Africa to a...Bandama, Foreman ; Babalola, Abidemi Babatunde
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2023
Journal article
Earliest systematic coal exploitation for fuel extended to ~3600 B.P.
Coal has long fueled human civilizations. The history of systematic coal fuel exploitation has been traced back to the late third millennium before present (post-2500 B.P.). Although sporadic combustion of coal for fuel was reported in some prehistoric archaeological sites, evidence for the systematic exploitation of coal for fuel before...Qiu, Menghan ; Liu, Ruiliang ; Li, Xingyuan ; Du, Linyao ; Ruan, Qiurong …
China, metallurgy, and coal
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2022
Journal article
The six recipes of Zhou: a new perspective on Jin (金) and Xi (锡)
Knowledge of alloying practices is key to understanding the mass production of ancient Chinese bronzes. The Eastern Zhou text, the Rites of Zhou, contains six formulae, or recipes, for casting different forms of bronze based on the combination of two components: Jin and Xi. For more than 100 years, the...Pollard, A.M. ; Liu, Ruiliang
six recipes, ancient Chinese texts, alloying practices, Bronze Age, China, and metallurgy
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2005
Book
Metallurgical Analysis of Chinese Coins at the British Museum
This publication brings together the results of metallurgical analysis on Chinese coins undertaken at the British Museum during the last 15 years. The largest project looked at the metal content of Chinese cash coins over a period of more than 2,000 years. Although the results of the survey were published...Cribb, Joe ; Bowman, Sheridan ; Cowell, Michael ; Shashoua, Yvonne ; Wayman, Michael L. …
numismatics, East Asian studies, art history, archaeology, and metallurgy
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2010
Book
The Heritage of ‘Maître Alpais’: An International and Interdisciplinary Examination of Medieval Limoges Enamel and Associated Objects
As part of an assessment of the Medieval collections at the British Museum in preparation for the new Medieval Europe gallery, attention was focused on the differences and similarities between the renowned ‘Alpais’ Limoges ciborium, dated to c. 1200, in the Musée du Louvre, an example in the British Museum,...La Niece, Susan ; Röhrs, Stefan ; McLeod, Bet
enamel, Scientific research, medieval studies, conservation, and metallurgy
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2011
Book
The Cuerdale Hoard and related Viking-Age silver and gold from Britain and Ireland in the British Museum
The Cuerdale hoard is the largest and most important hoard of Viking silver known from western Europe. The catalogue focuses on the entire non-numismatic contents (discovered in 1840), together with all the other hoards and single-finds of gold and silver artefacts (ornaments and ingots) of Viking character in the British...Graham-Campbell, James
numismatics, archaeology, metallurgy, History, and economics
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1997
Book
Metal Analyses of Roman Coins Minted Under The Empire
This volume has two distinct sections. The first records and comments upon the results of L. H. Cope's metallurgical analyses of Roman Imperial coins. The commentary is based on Cope's own thesis and publications, and also takes into account work published since his death. The second part is a detailed...Cope, L.H. ; King, C.E. ; Northover, J.P. ; Clay, Theresa
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1992
Book
Aspects of Early North American Metallurgy
Studies of pre-European metal objects in the British Museum. They include including six North West Coast `coppers' and fourteen iron daggers and knives, collected in the 18th century; three Inuit harpoon blades from the Canadian Arctic; and 121 chiefly copper objects dating from 1000BC to AD600, from the 1845-7 Squier...Wayman, Michael L. ; King, J.C.H. ; Craddock, Paul