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Journal article
Bordering on Asian paintings: dye analysis of textile borders and mount elements to complement research on Asian pictorial art
Mount components and textile borders represent important elements of Asian paintings. However, they are often side-lined or not considered an integral part of the original piece, as they may be later additions or may have been replaced during historic conservation or mounting interventions. Nevertheless, evidence is sometimes present that textile...Tamburini, Diego ; Dyer, Joanne ; Heady, Teresa ; Derham, Alice ; Kim-Marandet, Meejung …
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Journal article
Information, Interaction and Society
In reviewing the future of Bronze Age research in the final chapter of his immense pan-European survey, Anthony Harding (2000, 435) commented that the sheer scale and density of available data did little to encourage younger scholars. In Britain, the rapid growth of developer funded excavations with PPG 16 since...Roberts, Ben
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Journal article
The Agenda Gap? Approaches to the Bronze Age in current research frameworks
It is now 60 years since the first formal consideration of future research directions for the British Bronze Age (and other periods) was published. Its purpose was to ensure archaeologists were 'taking the best advantage of all our opportunities, whether for deliberate field-work or excavation, or for turning chance discoveries...Last, Jonathan
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Journal article
The Bronze Age climate and environment of Britain
Over the last twenty years there have been tremendous advances in our knowledge of climate change in later British prehistory from a wide variety of proxy-climate sources. This chapter will summarise our present understanding for the period 2000-500 BC and highlight the areas in which further research is required. A...Brown, Tony
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Journal article
Bronze Age pottery and settlements in southern England
Pottery is often treated as a poor relation in Bronze Age studies. However ceramics have much to offer. During the last forty years a fairly esoteric subject, dominated mainly by detailed analyses of decorative motifs and the construction of elaborate chronological schemes, has been transformed into a powerful source of...Woodward, Ann
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Journal article
Towards a fuller, more nuanced narrative of Chalcolithic and Early Bronze Age Britain 2500-1500 BC
This contribution considers some of the many recent advances in our understanding of Chalcolithic and Bronze Age Britain and uses these to highlight the weak points in our current state of knowledge. Focusing mainly on the period 2500–1500 BC, it concentrates on issues of chronology, human movement, the role of...Sheridan, Alison
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Journal article
Prospects and potential in the archaeology of Bronze Age Britain
This paper argues that although our discipline focuses increasingly on thematic research programmes, period-based approaches remain a valuable way of understanding the particularities of the social practices we study. Different aspects of the archaeological record - including settlement, burial, landscape and material culture - are examined in turn to identify...Brück, Joanna
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Journal article
A canon for the Bronze Age?
Catalogues and databases which are easily accessible to all interested parties regardless of their geographical location, occupation, background or purpose, provide a level playing field for research, publication and debate in the archaeology of the bronze age. The establishment of a canon of reliable, illustrated documentation of as many facets...Brindley, A. L.
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Journal article
Relations between Archaeologists and the Military in the case of Iraq
In this short paper, I want to consider the controversial question of whether archaeologists should work with the military, principally in Iraq. During the course of 2008, the British Museum and the British Army collaborated in a project to inspect archaeological sites in the south of Iraq and to develop...Curtis, John
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Journal article
Four unpublished marble sculptures of Hellenistic date from Cyprus in the British Museum
A study of four previously unpublished marble statues of Hellenistic date from Cyprus in the British MuseumHiggs, Peter ; Kiely, Thomas
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Journal article
Four unpublished inscriptions in Cypriot Syllabic script in the British Museum
The first publication of four inscriptions in Cypriot syllabic script on objects in the British MuseumKiely, Thomas ; Perno, Massimo
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Journal article
Charles Newton and the archaeology of Cyprus
An article discussing Charles Newton's role in the development of Cypriot archaeology in the 19th centuryKiely, Thomas
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Journal article
Early Pleistocene human occupation at the edge of the boreal zone in northwest Europe
The dispersal of early humans from Africa by 1.75 Myr ago led to a marked expansion of their range, from the island of Flores in the east to the Iberian peninsula in the west. This range encompassed tropical forest, savannah and Mediterranean habitats, but has hitherto not been demonstrated beyond 45°...Parfitt, Simon ; Ashton, Nick ; Lewis, Simon ; Abel, Richard L. ; Coope, G. Russell …
Happisburgh; human footprints; Lower Paleolithic; Early Pleistocene; Britain; Europe
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Journal article
Britain and the archaeology of Cyprus I. The long 19th century
The first part of a two-part survey of British contributions to the archaeology of Cyprus from the 18th century to the present day.Kiely, Thomas ; Ulbrich, Anja
Cyprus and archaeology
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Journal article
Excavations at Kition-Bamboula 1879. Finds in the British Museum
A full account of the 1879 excavations at the site of Kition-Bamboula in Cyprus and the finds that were subsequently given to the British Museum.Kiely, Thomas ; Fourrier, Sabine
Cyprus and archaeology
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Journal article
The archaeological interests of Samuel Brown, Government Engineer, and his circle of acquaintances in late 19th century Cyprus
An overview of the archaeological interests of Samuel Brown, a government engineer and private collector of Cypriote artefacts in late 19th-century Cyprus.Kiely, Thomas ; Merrillees, Robert
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Wang, Helen
China, sinology, and numismatics
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Journal article
Architectural Conservation of an Amun Temple in Sudan
Excavation of a 2000 year old Amun Temple at Dangeil in Sudan. Under the directorship of Drs Salah Mohammed Ahmed of the National Corporation for Antiquities and Museums, Khartoum and Julie R Anderson of the British Museum, London an excavation of the temple commenced in 2000. Dangeil is located to...Sweek, Tracey ; Anderson, Julie R ; Tanimoto, Satoko
conservation, Amun Temple, Sudan, and Dangeil
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Journal article
Roman coins from the Masson and Mackenzie collections in the British Museum
The British East India Company’s Museum in Leadenhall Street housed an eclectic range of objects that were predominantly collected by those associated with the Company. Charles Masson and Colin Mackenzie were two such individuals. Their collections were acquired by the EIC, and after the closure of the museum in 1878...Jansari, Sushma
British Museum, India, and coins
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Journal article
Égyptiens et Grecs à Naucratis et Daphnae. Projets en cours du British Museum
Deux sites archéologiques majeurs du delta du Nil fondées dès le debut de l’epoque saite, Naucratis et Daphnae, suscitent depuis longtemps l’intérêt partagé — et parfois un vif débat — des égyptologues et des specialistes du monde classique. L’essentiel du très abondant matériel découvert lors des premières fouilles avait pris...Leclère, François ; Spencer, Jeffrey ; Villing, Alexandra
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Journal article
Dangeil 2013−14: porches, ovens and a glimpse underground
Excavations at Dangeil, Nile State, between October and December 2013 focused upon features within the temenos enclosure of the 1st century AD Amun temple and upon the nearby cemetery WTC. In addition, the preparation of a site management and presentation plan for the temple site was initiated (Plates 1 and...Anderson, Julie ; Bashir, Mahmoud Suliman ; Ahmed , Salah Mohammed
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Journal article
The Kushite cemetery of Dangeil (WTC): preliminary analyses of the human remains
A preliminary analysis of the human remains at the Kushite cemetery of Dangeil.Pieri, Anna
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Journal article
Geophysical survey at ancient Naukratis, Egypt
A summary of the geophysical survey undertaken at the site of Naukratis in Egypt.Strutt, Kristian ; Thomas, Ross Iain
Geophysics and Naukratis
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Journal article
On the Antiquity of Cancer: Evidence for Metastatic Carcinoma in a Young Man from Ancient Nubia (c. 1200BC)
Cancer, one of the world's leading causes of death today, remains almost absent relative to other pathological conditions, in the archaeological record, giving rise to the conclusion that the disease is mainly a product of modern living and increased longevity. This paper presents a male, young-adult individual from the archaeological...Binder, Michaela ; Roberts, Charlotte ; Spencer, Neal ; Antoine, Daniel ; Cartwright, Caroline
Cancer and ancient Nubia
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Journal article
Hominin footprints from Early Pleistocene deposits at Happisburgh, UK
Investigations at Happisburgh, UK, have revealed the oldest known hominin footprint surface outside Africa at between ca. 1 million and 0.78 million years ago. The site has long been recognised for the preservation of sediments containing Early Pleistocene fauna and flora, but since 2005 has also yielded humanly made flint...Ashton, Nick ; Lewis, Simon G. ; De Groote, Isabelle ; Duffy, Sarah M. ; Bates, Martin …
Happisburgh; human footprints; Lower Paleolithic; Early Pleistocene; Britain; Europe
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Journal article
'Mediocre essays in medallic vituperation': German First World War medals and the British Museum
The centenary of the outbreak of the First World War provides a timely opportunity to examine the British Museum’s acquisition of German art medals relating to the conflict. A modest collection of thirty-six medals was acquired between 1916 and the end of the war in 1918 but, in that same...Hockenhull, Tom
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Journal article
Dangerous perfection’ and an old puzzle resolved: a ‘new’ Apulian krater inspired by Euripides
An Apulian calyx krater attributed to the Underworld Painter that entered the British Museum in 1867 as part of the collection of the Duc de Blacas (GR 1867,0508.1335, Vase F270) has long puzzled scholars on account of its enigmatic iconography, seemingly representing Orpheus and Cerberus in the Underworld. Yet cleaning... -
Journal article
Crowd-sourced Archaeological Research: The MicroPasts Project
This paper offers a brief introduction to MicroPasts, a web-enabled crowd-sourcing and crowd-funding project whose overall goal is to promote the collection and use of high quality research data via institutional and community collaborations, both on- and off-line. In addition to introducing this initiative, the discussion below is a reflection... -
Journal article
Discoveries from La Manche: Five Years of Early Prehistoric Research in the Channel Island of Jersey
Since 2010 a new field project drawn from major UK institutions including the UCL Institute of Archaeology, has focused research on the Palaeolithic and Mesolithic record of the Channel Island of Jersey. In this retrospective of five years of research the history of the project to date, its focus on...Pope, Matt ; Scott, Beccy ; Mills, Josie ; Bates, Martin ; Bates, Richard …
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Journal article
The Qatar-Sudan Archaeological Project at Dangeil. Satyrs, rulers, archers and pyramids: a miscellany from Dangeil 2014−15
Two seasons of work were undertaken at Dangeil recently, one in autumn 2014 and the other in March 2015, with some rather unanticipated finds.Work was conducted in three areas: the Amun temple site, Cemeteries WTC and FRC, and Dangeil NE, the latter being situated approximately 300m to the north east...Anderson, Julie ; Bashir , Mahmoud Suliman ; elRasheed, Rihab Khidir
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Journal article
Dangeil: excavations on Kom K, 2014−15
An account of the excavations on Kom K at Dangeil, Sudan, in 2014−15Maillot, Sébastien
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Journal article
Under Saint Michael’s protection: a tattoo from Christian Nubia
An article about a tattoo of Saint Michael found on human remains from NubiaVandenbeusch, Marie ; Antoine, Daniel
human remains, Nubia, and tattoo
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Journal article
Use of 3D laser scanning for monitoring the dimensional stability of a Byzantine ivory panel
The British Museum has in its collections a magnificent Byzantine ivory panel. However, the panel has become warped over time and there is a join on the left side, where it has suffered a break in the past. It has been connected with two metal pins and adhesive in a...Hess, Mona ; Korenberg, Capucine ; Ward, Clare ; Robson, Stuart ; Entwistle, Chris
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Journal article
Dolphins at the British Museum: Zoomorphic Calusa Sinkers
The subject of everyday or “mundane” artistic expression in Native American material culture does not always take into account the idea that aesthetic design can have explicit practical as well as decorative function. This article explores this idea through objects from the Floridian archaeological collections at the British Museum.Davy, Jack
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Journal article
Report of the Archaeological Survey of Chamak and its Surroundings, District Amaravati, Maharashtra
This report presents the results of a short programme of fieldwork targeted towards the investigation of the archaeological and geographical setting of the Chamak copperplate charter. This inscription, unearthed in the modern village of Chamak in 1868, records the grant of land to a group of Brahmins living in the...Hawkes, Jason D ; Abbas, Riza ; Willis, Michael
Vidarbha, survey, Vakatakas, archaeology, and inscription
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Journal article
Handaxe and non-handaxe assemblages during Marine Isotope Stage 11 in northern Europe: Recent investigations at Barnham, Suffolk, UK
Britain has an important geological, environmental and archaeological record for Marine Isotope Stage 11 (MIS 11), which makes a major contribution to understanding of the human occupation of northern Europe. New fieldwork at Barnham, Suffolk, UK, has identified through improved geological resolution the change in assemblages from simple core and...Ashton, Nick ; Lewis, Simon G. ; Parfitt, Simon A. ; Davis, Rob J. ; Stringer, Chris
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Journal article
Identification, Geochemical Characterisation and Significance of Bitumen among the Grave Goods of the 7th Century Mound 1 Ship-Burial at Sutton Hoo
The 7th century ship-burial at Sutton Hoo is famous for the spectacular treasure discovered when it was first excavated in 1939. The finds include gold and garnet jewellery, silverware, coins and ceremonial armour of broad geographical provenance which make a vital contribution to understanding the political landscape of early medieval...Burger, Pauline ; Stacey, Rebecca J. ; Bowden, Stephen A. ; Hacke, Marei ; Parnell, John
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Journal article
Discerning differences: Ion beam analysis of ancient faience from Naukratis and Rhodes
Faience technology was known in Egypt since the Predynastic Period and practiced for a period also in Bronze Age Greece, but, having been lost, was reintroduced to the Greek world only in the fi rst half of the fi rst millennium BC. The Greek island of Rhodes and the Greek-Egyptian...Meek, Andrew ; Bouquillon, Anne ; Lehuédé, Patrice ; Masson, Aurélia ; Villing, Alexandra …
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Journal article
The mystery of Naukratis: revealing Egypt’s international gateway
An article on the lost port of Naukratis, once Egypt’s great international gateway. Despite pioneering late 19th-century archaeological research at the site, Naukratis has since languished in the shadows. Who really lived there, how did the port work, and what salacious secrets were hidden away by the Victorians? Its mysteries...Villing, Alexandra ; Thomas, R.I.
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Journal article
Interactive visualization of 3d scanned mummies at public venues
Article revealing how a full-body virtual autopsy of an ancient Egyptian mummy showed museum visitors he was likely murdered.Ynnerman, Anders ; Rydell, Thomas ; Antoine, Daniel ; Hughes, David ; Persson, Anders …
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Journal article
Paleoenvironmental surveys at Naukratis and the Canopic branch of the Nile
Thirty-five auger cores (covering an area of c. 1 km2) were undertaken at the ancient site of Naukratis in the Nile Delta, an important trading port from c. 620 BCE until 650 CE, supplemented by an Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) profile. These data inform on the location and navigability of...Pennington, Benjamin T. ; Thomas, Ross I.
Naukratis, Auger, Canopic, Paleolandscape, Nile, Channel geometry, and Navigation
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Journal article
Identification, geochemical characterisation and significance of bitumen among the grave goods of the 7th century mound 1 ship-burial at Sutton Hoo (Suffolk, UK)
The 7th century ship-burial at Sutton Hoo is famous for the spectacular treasure discovered when it was first excavated in 1939. The finds include gold and garnet jewellery, silverware, coins and ceremonial armour of broad geographical provenance which make a vital contribution to understanding the political landscape of early medieval...Burger, Pauline ; Stacey, Rebecca J. ; Bowden, Stephen A. ; Hacke, Marei ; Parnell, John
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Journal article
Stamped all over the king’s head: defaced coins and women’s suffrage
Using the British Museum's 'Votes for Women' penny as its starting point, this article conducts an analysis of a group of similar coins. It attempts to answer how they were made, how many were made, their purpose and place in suffragette historiography.Hockenhull, Tom
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Journal article
Rethinking Human Responses to Sea-level Rise: The Mesolithic Occupation of the Channel Islands
This work provides new insights into human responses to and perceptions of sea-level rise at a time when the landscapes of north-west Europe were radically changing. These issues are investigated through a case study focused on the Channel Islands. We report on the excavation of two sites, Canal du Squez...Conneller, Chantal ; Bates, Martin ; Bates, Richard ; Schadla-Hall, Tim ; Blinkhorn, Edward …
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Journal article
The archaeology of persistent places: the Palaeolithic case of La Cotte de St Brelade, Jersey
Excavations at the Middle Pleistocene site of La Cotte de St Brelade, on the island of Jersey in the English Channel, have revealed a long sequence of occupation. The continued use of the site by Neanderthals throughout an extended period of changing climate and environment reveals how, despite changes in...Shaw, Andrew ; Bates, Martin ; Conneller, Chantal ; Gamble, Clive ; Julien, Marie-Ann …
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Journal article
The Performance of International Diplomacy at Kigali Memorial Centre, Rwanda
Every year in Rwanda, a week of national mourning commemorates the Genocide of Tutsi, a brutal episode that began on April the 7th 1994 and resulted in the murder of up to one million people in 100 days. The genocide was returned to the global stage in 2014 when world...Giblin, John
memorialisation, Rwanda, genocide, international diplomacy, performance, and heritage
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Journal article
QSAP Dangeil 2016: Aspelta, Beloved of Re’-Harakhty and Tombs in the Temple
Excavations are being conducted within the temenos enclosure of a 1st century AD Amun temple at Dangeil, River Nile State, as the Berber-Abidiya Archaeological Mission is focusing upon the sacred landscape of the late Kushite period in this region. Recently two field seasons were conducted, one in autumn 2016 and...Anderson, Julie ; elRasheed , Rihab Khidir ; Bashir , Mahmoud Suliman
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Journal article
Britain and the archaeology of Cyprus. II: 1914 to the present day
The second part of a two-part survey of British contributions to the archaeology of Cyprus from the 18th century to the present day.Kiely, Thomas ; Ulbrich, Anja
archaeology and Cyprus
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Journal article
Refinements introduced in the Oddy Test methodology
The ‘Oddy test’ is an accelerated corrosion test introduced in the 1970s at the British Museum to identify materials likely to emit volatile substances that could harm museum artefacts. It is carried out in many museums all around the world, but not always using the same methodology, which makes it...Korenberg, Capucine ; Keable, Melanie ; Phippard, Julie ; Doyle, Adrian
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Journal article
Rhodes and Kos: East Dorian pottery production of the Archaic period
To date, the pottery production of Rhodes, Kos and other ‘East Dorian’ islands and coastal areas remains little understood. This article presents and discusses new neutron activation analysis (NAA) of eighth–sixth-century vessels found on Rhodes and in related areas, placing them in the wider context of past and present archaeometric...Villing, Alexandra ; Mommsen, Hans
NAA, Rhodes, and East Greek pottery
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Journal article
How is museum lighting selected? An insight into current practice in UK museums
The results of a series of interviews with museum professionals on the subject of museum lighting specification and selection are reported, with the aim that this report should provide an insight into current practice. Specific attention is given to the usage of industry parameters (lux, CIE-Ra, CCT), and to investigating...Garside, Daniel ; Curran, Katherine ; Korenberg, Capucine ; MacDonald, Lindsay ; Teunissen, Kees …
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Journal article
The date of Kanishka since 1960
The 1960 London Conference on the Date of Kanishka involved many leading scholars of Central and South Asian studies and had a profound impact on the field. This article examines the historiography of the central problem posed at the conference: In what year did the era of Kanishka commence? It...Bracey, Robert
Kushan, numismatics, Kanishka, and epigraphy
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Journal article
'Museological Approaches to the Management of Digital Research and Engagement: The African Rock Art Image Project
The African Rock Art Image Project at the British Museum has documented and disseminated c. 24,000 digital images of rock art from throughout the continent, donated by the Trust for African Rock Art (TARA). The images were registered into the British Museum’s permanent collection and treated as objects in their...Anderson, Helen ; Galvin, Lisa ; de Torres, Jorge
rock art, Africa, archaeology, and Museum studies
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Journal article
Ancient encaustic: An experimental exploration of technology, ageing behaviour and approaches to analytical investigation
The composition of the ancient wax-based painting technique known as encaustic has long been the subject of debate. Ancient sources provide few details of the technology, and modern understanding of the medium is restricted to theoretical interpretation and experimental observation. In this multi-analytical collaborative study, a number of analytical approaches...Stacey, Rebecca J. ; Dyer, Joanne ; Mussell, C. ; Lluveras-Tenorio, A. ; Colombini, M.P. …
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Journal article
' A Shield Loaded with History: Encounters, Objects and Exhibitions
This article discusses an Aboriginal shield in the British Museum which is widely believed to have been used in the first encounter between Lieutenant James Cook's expedition and the Gweagal people at Botany Bay in late April 1770. It traces the ways in which the shield became ‘Cook-related’, and increasingly...Nugent, Maria ; Sculthorpe, Gaye
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Journal article
A corroboree for the Countess of Kintore: Enlivening histories through objects
This paper discusses a corroboree performed in Darwin in 1893 to illustrate the potential of British ethnographic collections for researching overlooked historical events. The performance was brought to light after a collection of Aboriginal artefacts used in it was noted and examined by the author in the collections of Marischal...Sculthorpe, Gaye
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Journal article
The Qatar-Sudan Archaeological Project – Drones and Doors. Dangeil 2017−18
Recent excavations and conservation initiatives at Dangeil focused on several areas within the sacred enclosure of the late Kushite, 1st century AD Amun temple including the southern half of the temple’s monumental pylon entrance, the south-east side of the peristyle hall, and the northern half of the first hall. Work...Anderson, Julie ; elRasheed, Rihab Khidir ; Bashir , Mahmoud Suliman
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Journal article
The use of erbium lasers for the conservation of cultural heritage. A review
The characteristics of erbium lasers (Er:YAG) make them a promising tool for the conservation of cultural heritage, and yet they still remain less widespread than other lasers in this field. This review aims to summarise, compare and evaluate the results of case studies and experiments published so far about Er:YAG...Pereira-Pardo, Lucía ; Korenberg, Capucine
Erbium laser cleaning; paintings; stone varnishes; overpainting crusts
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Journal article
(Re)sources: Origins of metals in Late Period Egypt
Metal trade and access to raw materials during the Late Bronze Age—roughly covering the New Kingdom in Egypt—have received substantial attention from past and present scholarship. Despite copper and lead remaining essential commodities afterwards, our knowledge about their supply during the Iron Age and later periods, in contrast, remains limited,...Masson-Berghoff, Aurélia ; Pernicka, Ernst ; Hook, Duncan ; Meek, Andrew
faience, Late Period, lead isotopes, metal, and Egypt
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Journal article
Detection of opium alkaloids in a Cypriot base-ring juglet
A method has been developed for extracting poppy alkaloids from oily matrices, specifically lipid residues associated with archaeological ceramics. The protocol has been applied to fresh and artificially aged poppyseed oil and to residue from a Late Bronze Age Cypriot juglet in the collections of the British Museum. The juglet...Smith, Rachel K. ; Stacey, Rebecca J. ; Bergström, Ed ; Thomas-Oates, Jane
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Journal article
Ancient encaustic: An experimental exploration of technology, ageing behaviour and approaches to analytical investigation
The composition of the ancient wax-based painting technique known as encaustic has long been the subject of debate. Ancient sources provide few details of the technology, and modern understanding of the medium is restricted to theoretical interpretation and experimental observation. In this multi-analytical collaborative study, a number of analytical approaches... -
Journal article
Museological approaches to the management of digital research and engagement: The African Rock Art Image Project
The African Rock Art Image Project at the British Museum has documented and disseminated c. 24,000 digital images of rock art from throughout the continent, donated by the Trust for African Rock Art (TARA). The images were registered into the British Museum’s permanent collection and treated as objects in their...Anderson, Helen ; Galvin, Elizabeth ; de Torres Rodriguez, Jorge
archaeology, Museum studies, and Africa
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Journal article
A corroboree for the Countess of Kintore: enlivening histories through objects
This paper discusses a corroboree performed in Darwin in 1893 to illustrate the potential of British ethnographic collections for researching overlooked historical events. The performance was brought to light after a collection of Aboriginal artefacts used in it was noted and examined by the author in the collections of Marischal...Sculthorpe, Gaye
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Journal article
The use of wood-based products in showcases: an insight into current practices
It has long been established that wood emits volatile organic compounds that can be harmful to museum collections. An online survey was conducted to assess whether museums still used wood and composite wood inside showcases and, should this be the case, what strategies they employed to reduce the risk posed...Bertolotti, Giulia ; Korenberg, Capucine
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Journal article
Aux origins de la conservation des peintures coréennes: le constat d’état du Portrait du roi Taejo et sa conservation (1763–64) (The origins of the conservation of Korean paintings: the condition report of the Portrait of King Taejo and its preservation (1763–1764))
A quite exceptional document drawn up by the court in 1763-1764 is held in the Jangseogak Archives, Gyeonggido, near Seoul (South Korea); it is a manuscript related to the condition assessment and restoration of a royal portrait of King Taejo, known the first ruler during the Joseon dynasty (1392-1910). Painted...Kim-Marandet, Meejung
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Journal article
Natural mummies from Predynastic Egypt reveal the world's earliest figural tattoos
The application of tattoos to the human body has enjoyed a long and diverse history in many ancient cultures. At present, the oldest surviving examples are the mainly geometric tattoos on the individual known as Ötzi, dating to the late 4th millennium BCE, whose skin was preserved by the ice... -
Journal article
Human occupation of Northern Europe in MIS 13: a response to comments by Gibbard et al. (2019)
In a recent paper (Lewis et al., 2019) we reported the results of geological and archaeological investigations at Happisburgh Site 1. We also considered the significance of the site for understanding the human occupation of northern Europe during the early Middle Pleistocene. In a comment on the paper, Gibbard et...Lewis, Simon ; Ashton, Nick ; Hoare, Peter G. ; Parfitt, Simon
Happisburgh; human footprints; Lower Paleolithic; Early Pleistocene; Britain; Europe
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Journal article
‘A bastion of colonialism’: public perceptions of the British Museum and its relationship to empire
This article uses visitor research to explore public attitudes to the British Museum and perceptions of its relationship to the history of the British Empire. Firstly, it provides an analysis of direct messages received by the Museum over a twelve month period via letters, emails and comments on social media...Frost, Stuart
British Museum; colonialism; imperialism; exhibitions; visitor research
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Journal article
QSAP: Dangeil 2018-19. Conservation challenges and an ever-expanding sacred landscape
Recent excavations and conservation conducted in the late Kushite temple complex at Dangeil over the course of the Qatar-Sudan Archaeological Project (2013-2019) have revealed many surprises and provided much information about this ancient edifice. Of note, work in the Amun temple’s peristyle court exposed the processional way through the building...Anderson, Julie ; Guiducci, Francesca ; Hajduga, Roksana ; Bashir, Mahmoud Suliman ; elRasheed , Rihab Khidir
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Journal article
Making pottery in the Nile Delta: ceramic provenance and technology at Naukratis, 6th–3rd centuries BC
The interdisciplinary study of Egyptian- and Greek-style pottery found in the Nile Delta aims to test and expand the potential of different scientific methods to identify regional variation and cultural traditions in ceramic fabrics from a relatively uniform geological setting. Neutron activation analysis (NAA), polarised light microscopy and SEM-EDX analyses...Spataro, Michela ; Mommsen, Hans ; Villing, Alexandra
SEM-EDX, Polarised microscopy, NAA, Egyptian pottery, and chaîne opératoire
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Journal article
Landscapes, environments and societies: The development of culture in Lower Palaeolithic Europe
Identification of cultural groups is rare in the early Palaeolithic due to site formation processes including taphonomy and the effect of raw material and site function. This paper reviews a critical period in Europe at about 400 ka (MIS 11) when we may be able to identify such groups. This period,...Davis, Rob ; Ashton, Nick
Middle Pleistocene; Europe; Lower Palaeolithic culture; Acheulean; handaxes; fire
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Journal article
Human occupation of northern Europe in MIS 13: Happisburgh Site 1 (Norfolk, UK) and its European context
The timing, environmental setting and archaeological signatures of an early human presence in northern Europe have been longstanding themes of Palaeolithic research. In the space of 20 years, the earliest record of human occupation in Britain has been pushed back from 500 ka (Boxgrove) to 700 ka (Pakefield) and then...Lewis, Simon ; Ashton, Nick ; Field, Michael H. ; Hoare, Peter G. ; Kamermans, Hans …
Happisburgh; human footprints; Lower Paleolithic; Early Pleistocene; Britain; Europe
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Journal article
Evidence of an Ancient Archive? The Papyrus British Museum EA 9961
Used on both sides, the papyrus British Museum EA 9961 reproduces a marsh scene on the recto and a copy of the myth of Isis and her seven scorpions in cursive hieroglyphs on the verso. Although the high quality of the illustration is the most striking feature, the text has...Vandenbeusch, Marie
tomb decoration, papyrology, papyrus gathering, British Museum EA 9961, magic, Bird hunting, and Isis and the seven scorpions
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Journal article
Production and function of Neolithic black-painted pottery from Schela Cladovei (Iron Gates, Romania)
This paper presents for the first time the results of a combination of petrographic, geochemical and organic residue analyses of early Neolithic ceramics from the Iron Gates region of the Danube basin. Eleven early Neolithic potsherds from Schela Cladovei (Romania) were analysed in detail. The results of the petrographic analysis... -
Journal article
Palaeodemographic modelling supports a population bottleneck during the Pleistocene-Holocene transition in Iberia
Demographic change lies at the core of debates on genetic inheritance and resilience to climate change of prehistoric hunter-gatherers. Here we analyze the radiocarbon record of Iberia to reconstruct long-term changes in population levels and test different models of demographic growth during the Last Glacial-Interglacial transition. Our best fitting demographic... -
Journal article
Developing a systematic approach to determine the sequence of impressions of Japanese woodblock prints: the case of Hokusai’s ‘Red Fuji’
Ukiyo-e Japanese woodblock prints were mass-produced in the Edo Period and early impressions of a given print are generally of higher quality and more sought after by connoisseurs than late impressions. The present publication presents an innovative approach that combines the classical method of examining line quality with a systematic... -
Journal article
Borders and interruptions
While museums are perceived as institutions dedicated to the dissemination and exchange of culturally diverse knowledges, museum scholarship has been hampered by a lack of multilingual networks and publications necessary for the exchange of museological perspectives between different linguistic, regional, and national communities. At the same time, the museum decolonization... -
Journal article
Emissions from MDF: governing factors and mitigation strategies
Many museums use elements, such as baseboards and inserts, made of medium density fibreboard (MDF) inside showcases. MDF is manufactured by bonding wood fibres with a resin. It emits volatile compounds that can be harmful to a wide range of museum objects, including formaldehyde. There is currently no entirely effective...Korenberg, Capucine ; Bertolotti, Giulia
MDF, showcases, VOCs; pollutants, wood, barrier film, and fibreboard; sealant
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Journal article
The chaîne opératoire of 6th millennium BC pottery making in the Maritsa Valley, Bulgaria: ceramics from Nova Nadezhda
40 potsherds and five other fired clay fragments from the prehistoric site of Nova Nadezhda in Bulgarian Thrace were analysed by archaeometric techniques. Twenty sherds and a daub fragment were analysed in thin section by optical microscopy; these thin sections, and thick sections of a further 24 sherds were also... -
Journal article
Historical formulations of lake pigments and dyes derived from lac: A study of compositional variability
“Lac” is a term referring to a pink-red-purple organic colourant derived from an insect and used as a lake pigment or a dye. Although historical sources indicate extensive usage, findings in historical samples remain scarce and are based on the detection of laccaic acids A and B, which are the...lac; shellac; historical recipes; photo-induced luminescence; HPLC-MSPCA
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Journal article
Fibre optic reflectance spectroscopy and multispectral imaging for the non-invasive investigation of Asian colourants in Chinese textiles from Dunhuang (7th-10th century AD)
The archaeological complex of Dunhuang (northwestern Gansu, China) is considered a pearl on the Silk Road and the content of its caves revolutionised oriental studies. The British Museum hosts a significant number of textiles and textile fragments from the site. Although mostly catalogued and studied from the point of view...Tamburini, Diego ; Dyer, Joanne
Dunhuang, Asian dyes, Silk road textiles, Multispectral imaging, and FORS
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Journal article
Developing a systematic approach to determine the sequence of impressions of Japanese woodblock prints: the case of Hokusai’s ‘Red Fuji’
Ukiyo-e Japanese woodblock prints were mass-produced in the Edo Period and early impressions of a given print are generally of higher quality and more sought after by connoisseurs than late impressions. The present publication presents an innovative approach that combines the classical method of examining line quality with a systematic... -
Journal article
The potential of triterpenoids as chemotaxonomic tools to identify and differentiate genuine, adulterated and archaeological balsams
Plant exudates have been extensively used in the past for different applications related to their olfactory, physical or medical properties. Their identification in archaeological samples relies, notably, on the characterisation of chemotaxonomic molecular markers but is often hampered by the severe alteration of their typical genuine molecular signature due to...Courel, Blandine ; Adam, Pierre ; Schaeffer, Philippe
Styrax, Liquidambar, Myroxylon, GC/MS, 6‑oxygenated oleanolic acid, 3-epi oleanolic acid
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Journal article
Twisted handaxes in Middle Pleistocene Britain and their implications for regional-scale cultural variation and the deep history of Acheulean hominin groups
A better understood chronological framework for the Middle Pleistocene of Britain has enabled archaeologists to detect a number of temporally-restricted assemblage-types, based not on ‘culture historical’ schemes of typological progression but on independent dating methods and secure stratigraphic frameworks, especially river-terrace sequences. This includes a consistent pattern in the timing...White, Mark ; Ashton, Nick ; Bridgland, David
ovate handaxes, social networks, Middle Pleistocene, hominin settlement, and Acheulean
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Journal article
From site to museum: a critical assessment of collection history on the formation and interpretation of the British Early Palaeolithic record
The British Lower and Middle Palaeolithic record makes an important contribution to understanding the early occupation of northern Europe, in particular, through the detailed, systematic and multidisciplinary excavations of key sites. However, it is the historic collections, amassed by a large number of collectors over a 100-year period from the...Harris, Claire R.E. ; Ashton, Nick ; Lewis, Simon G.
Collecting, UK, Museum, Early Palaeolithic, and Handaxes
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Journal article
Investigating the use of Paleolithic perforated batons: new evidence from Gough’s Cave (Somerset, UK)
Perforated batons, usually made from a segment of antler and formed of a sub-cylindrical shaft and at least one perforation, have been documented across Europe from sites throughout the Upper Paleolithic and Mesolithic. The function of perforated batons is still debated. We present here three Magdalenian perforated batons from the... -
Journal article
Investigating Asian colourants in Chinese textiles from Dunhuang (7th-10th century AD) by high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry – towards the creation of a mass spectra database
A broad palette of natural dyes is often mentioned with reference to dyed textiles from ancient China. However, few scientific works address the problem of correctly identifying these dyes, often referring simply to unidentified sources. The aim of this work was the creation of a database of mass spectra of...Tmaburini, Diego
HPLC-MS, Tandem mass spectra, Asian dyes, Chinese textiles, Dunhuang Silk Road
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Journal article
Pottery technology in the Tang dynasty (ninth century ): archaeometric analyses of a Gongyi sherd found at Siraf, Iran
In 1969–70, a single Tang dynasty blue-spotted Gongyi sherd was found at Siraf, Iran, the main trading port on the Persian Gulf in the early Islamic period. This is the only known example of Chinese blue-and-white ware, whether low- or high-fired, found in the Middle East from such an early... -
Journal article
The curation and display of Lindow Man
Lindow Man is one of the best-preserved Iron Age bog bodies from Europe. Since his discovery in August 1984, he has been on almost permanent display to the public and the subject of close scientific scrutiny. This article focuses on the life of Lindow Man since his discovery, charting how...Joy, Jody ; Farley, Julia
display, ethics, preservation, wetlands, museum, curation, human remains, and Bog body
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Journal article
Insights from nondestructive geochemical analyses of Hacienda Grande (Puerto Rico) and Salt River (Virgin Islands) Saladoid and Ostionoid ceramics
After decades of archaeological excavations, legacy collections present us with vast reservoirs of untapped research potential. By studying Ceramic Age (ca. 500 bc–ad 600) Caribbean pottery from Hacienda Grande (Puerto Rico) and Salt River (St. Croix), this exploratory study devised a method for the use of nondestructive geochemical analyses (portable...Van Thienen, Vince ; Martínez Milantchí, María Mercedes
legacy collection, ceramic practice, Caribbean archaeology, cultural interaction, and geochemistry
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Journal article
Periodontal disease and ‘oral health’ in the past: new insights from ancient Sudan on a very modern problem
As one of today’s major oral health issues, periodontal disease affects populations worldwide. Here, methods used to record its past prevalence are reviewed, including the problems associated with the use of measurements to record bone loss. Clinical and bioarchaeological research offers strong support for the Kerr method that records interdental...Whiting, Rebecca ; Antoine, Daniel ; Hillson, Simon
bioarchaeology, interdental septum, Periodontal disease , Sudan, and Kerr method
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Journal article
Inflammatory periosteal reaction on ribs associated with lower respiratory tract disease: A method for recording prevalence from sites with differing preservation
Objectives: Inflammatory periosteal reaction (IPR) on the visceral surfaces of the ribs has been used in bioarchaeology as an indicator of lower respiratory tract disease. This article presents a detailed method for recording IPR on the ribs, even those in severely fragmented states, with the objectives of increasing the consistency...Davies-Barrett, Anna M. ; Antoine, Daniel ; Roberts, Charlotte A.
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Journal article
Shashotep-Shutb: An Ancient City Rediscovered
The British Museum Asyut Region Project aims at reconstructing and preserving the deep history of the Asyut region through survey and documentation of its pharaonic and post-pharaonic heritage, including the varied responses of local communities who live atop the layers of history below. Two initial field seasons have concentrated on...Regulski, Ilona ; Bunbury, Judith ; Marchand, Sylvie ; Gabel, Ann-Cathrin ; Chauvet, Barbara
Asyut; augering; Middle Egypt; settlement archaeology; survey
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Journal article
Tackling conservation challenges using erbium lasers: case studies at the British Museum
Research was conducted at the British Museum to investigate the potential of Er:YAG lasers to address challenging conservation problems where traditional conservation methods had failed. The approach followed was to perform laser tests on model samples and unregistered objects to determine the laser alteration threshold fluence on each substrate and...Pereira-Pardo, Lucía ; Melita, Lucia N. ; Korenberg, Capucine
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